Abstract:
Calcium, the most abundant mineral in our body, makes up about 1.5 to 2% of the
body weight and 39% of total body minerals. Approximately 99% of the calcium exists in the
bones and teeth. The remaining 1% of calcium is in the blood, extracellular fluids and within
the cells of all tissues, where it regulates many important metabolic functions1
.
Even though only 1% of calcium in the body is found outside the bone, this form of
calcium is critical for many functions in the body. Therefore, its level is maintained in a
narrow range in the blood and tissues.
Calcium deficiency disease, also known as hypocalcemia, occurs when we don't
intake enough calcium. This increases the risk of developing diseases such as osteoporosis.
We should consume the recommended amount of calcium per day through the food we eat.
If necessary, we can take calcium supplements to get enough calcium2
.
The natural aging process can cause calcium deficiency disease. Most of the calcium
in our body is stored in our bones. As we age out, bones become thin or less dense. So we
should increase our daily calcium supplement. It is vital for women to consume the
recommended daily amount of calcium during middle age. This is when most women
approach menopause. A decline in the hormone estrogen during menopause causes women’s
bones to thin faster. Most menopausal women should increase the amount of calcium in the
foods they eat to reduce the risk of brittle bone disease (osteoporosis) and calcium deficiency
disease3
.
